• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Wood aging process from an aqueous solution of 10% Caustic Soda (NaOH) in order to darken the tone of the surface of the wood to be treated without modifying its physical, mechanical and perceptible properties. Thanks to this method, the wood obtains an antique appearance and allows its use in the manufacture of furniture, restoration and the construction of new buildings that need an aged appearance.
    公开号:ES2894574A2
    申请号:ES202000119
    申请日:2020-07-28
    公开日:2022-02-14
    发明作者:Mestre Jose Escorihuela；Munoz Antonio Cuenca
    申请人:Mestre Jose Escorihuela；Munoz Antonio Cuenca；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] Aging process of coniferous wood with caustic soda NA(OH)
    [0002] Object of the invention
    [0003] The invention proposes a method for obtaining wood with an aged appearance without modifying its physical, mechanical or perceptible properties in order to use it in multiple applications such as decoration, restoration and cabinet making.
    [0004] The proposed method consists of immersing coniferous wood in an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) at 10% and at room temperature.
    [0005] To check the effectiveness of the method, the following properties of the wood are compared before and after immersion in the solution:
    [0006] - Density
    [0007] - Mass variation
    [0008] - Volumetric shrinkage
    [0009] - Hardness
    [0010] - Axial compression strength
    [0011] - Color variation
    [0012] The results show that the only property that differs before and after immersion is the color variation, so that the wood discolors to simulate its aging without generating any change in the other properties.
    [0013] Field of application of the invention
    [0014] The field of application of aged wood focuses on all those products that require an old look. This material can be used for the same purposes as untreated wood since when applying this method the only property that varies is the color and its physical and structural properties are not affected.
    [0015] Thus, its use in the manufacture of furniture, restoration and the construction of new buildings that need an aged appearance, as well as its use in outdoor wood or gardening that require these shades, should be highlighted.
    [0016] Background of the invention
    [0017] Not found. After reviewing the patent inventory of the Patent and Trademark Office of the Ministry of Industry, Tourism and Commerce, no references related to this treatment were found.
    [0018] Explanation of the invention
    [0019] Wood is a hard and fibrous cellular tissue chemically formed essentially by three complex polymers (lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose), as well as other chemical compounds (50% carbon, 43% oxygen, 6% hydrogen and approximately 1% other chemical elements).
    [0020] Caustic soda or sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is a highly corrosive alkali with a high risk of producing chemical burns due to its high reactivity. When it is dissolved in water or neutralized with an acid, an exothermic reaction occurs, thanks to the heat that is released, the combustion of some combustible materials can start (Termcat, 2019). In an aqueous solution, NaOH dissociates to form hydroxide ions (OH-) and releases heat according to the following reaction:
    [0022] NaOH ^ Na+ OH- Heat
    [0024] In the case of wood, lignin and cellulose are insoluble in water, but lignin, unlike cellulose, is soluble in alkalis. Therefore, when the wood comes into contact with an aqueous solution of caustic soda, the lignin tends to dissolve while the cellulose remains stable, causing a change in the tone of the wood while maintaining its physical and structural properties.
    [0026] Lignin dissolution depends on several factors, the most relevant being temperature, alkaline concentration, exposure time and the volume/surface ratio of the wood. Therefore, it can be understood that the modification of these variables affects the dissolution of lignin and consequently can modify some of the properties of the treated wood (color tone in this case). To define the best concentration of soda and temperature at which to carry out the reaction and justify the invention of the method, the study "Characterization of the treatment of Caustic Soda ( NaOH) in pine wood" carried out by the Institut Catalá de la Fusta ( INCAFUST) in June 2019 he exposes the following experiment:
    [0028] 60 parallelepiped specimens are made of solid pine sapwood, with a nominal section of 20x20 mm and a length parallel to the fibers of 60 mm. These are distributed in 10 groups of 6 units each. One of these groups is the control group while the remaining nine will be treated with a bath for 2 hours with caustic soda at different concentrations and temperatures (See Table 1).
    [0030] Table 1. Groups of specimens treated with caustic soda
    [0032]
    [0035] The groups of specimens are conditioned to the same initial conditions to take the measurements (weight and dimensions) of the specimens in order to compare them before and after the treatment. The results show that neither the hardness, nor the volumetric shrinkage, nor the compressive strength are affected in any of the previous cases, unlike the color of the surface.
    [0037] To determine the color of the wood, the "eyedropper" tool of the open source program GIMP (GNU Image Manipulation Program) (Mattis, P. and Kimballet, S.; 2019) was used, configured to calculate the average color of 30 pixels in HSV color space (Hue, Saturation, Value - Hue, Saturation, Value) (Wikipedia, 2019b) later transformed into CIELab 1976 space (Wikipedia, 2019). The result obtained shows that the wood treated with caustic soda is 3.81% darker than the original wood. Presenting very little variation in the green-red axis (a *) (-0.32%) and being more important in the b* axis (-3.15%). These results are shown in Fig. 28 of the drawing section.
    [0038] Based on the results obtained, the proposed method consists of immersing the wood in an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) at 10% and at room temperature for a minimum of two hours, thus using the lowest concentration of soda and temperature to avoid the high reactivity of the alkali.
    [0039] Brief description of the drawings
    [0040] To complement the description that is being made and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, a set of images and tables is attached to this specification, as an integral part thereof, in which By way of illustration and not limitation, the following has been represented:
    [0041] Figure number 1.- Shows the data set detailing the dimensions of untreated wood at a humidity of 12% (1 of 2).
    [0042] Figure number 2.- Shows the data set detailing the dimensions of untreated wood at a humidity of 12% (2 of 2).
    [0043] Figure number 3.- Shows the data set detailing the dimensions of untreated wood at 0% humidity (anhydrous state) (1 of 2).
    [0044] Figure number 4.- Shows the data set detailing the dimensions of untreated wood at 0% humidity (anhydrous state) (2 of 2).
    [0045] Figure number 5.- Shows the data set detailing the dimensions of untreated wood at a humidity higher than the fiber saturation point (PSF). In this way, the maximum dimensions that the specimen can reach due to the effect of humidity (1 of 2) can be determined.
    [0046] Figure number 6.- Shows the data set detailing the dimensions of untreated wood at a humidity higher than the fiber saturation point (PSF). In this way, the maximum dimensions that the specimen can reach due to the effect of humidity can be determined (2 of 2).
    [0047] Figure number 7.- Shows the data set detailing the dimensions of the treated wood at a humidity of 12% (1 of 2).
    [0048] Figure number 8.- Shows the data set detailing the dimensions of the treated wood at a humidity of 12% (2 of 2).
    [0049] Figure number 9.- Shows the data set detailing the dimensions of the treated wood at 0% humidity (anhydrous state) (1 of 2).
    [0050] Figure number 10.- Shows the data set detailing the dimensions of the treated wood at 0% humidity (anhydrous state) (2 of 2).
    [0051] Figure number 11.- Shows the data set detailing the dimensions of the treated wood at a humidity higher than the fiber saturation point (PSF). In this way, the maximum dimensions that the specimen can reach due to the effect of humidity (1 of 2) can be determined.
    [0053] Figure number 12.- Shows the data set detailing the dimensions of the treated wood at a humidity higher than the fiber saturation point (PSF). In this way, the maximum dimensions that the specimen can reach due to the effect of humidity can be determined (2 of 2).
    [0055] Figure number 13.- Shows the data set in which the volumetric coefficient of the untreated and treated specimens is detailed, as well as the hardness, resistance and mass increase (1 of 2).
    [0057] Figure number 14.- Shows the data set in which the volumetric coefficient of the untreated and treated specimens is detailed, as well as the hardness, resistance and mass increase (2 of 2).
    [0059] Figure number 15.- Shows the data set detailing the hue (T), saturation (S) and value (V) of the specimens based on the HSV color space (Hue, Saturation, Value - Hue, Saturation, Value), in addition to the mean difference that each group presents with the control group (group that does not undergo treatment) (1 of 3).
    [0061] Figure number 16.- Shows the data set detailing the hue (T), saturation (S) and value (V) of the specimens based on the HSV color space (Hue, Saturation, Value - Hue, Saturation, Value), in addition to the mean difference that each group presents with the control group (group that does not undergo treatment) (2 of 3).
    [0063] Figure number 17.- Shows the data set detailing the hue (T), saturation (S) and value (V) of the specimens based on the HSV color space (Hue, Saturation, Value - Hue, Saturation, Value), in addition to the mean difference that each group presents with the control group (group that does not undergo treatment) (3 of 3).
    [0065] Figure number 18.- Shows a graphical representation of the HSV color system (Left) and the CIELab 1976 color system (Right) with which the color of wood is determined.
    [0066] Figure number 19.- Shows a graphical representation of the hardness study for the group of specimens subjected to a 10% solution of Caustic Soda and at a temperature of 20°C.
    [0068] Figure number 20.- Shows a graphical representation of the hardness study for the group of specimens subjected to a 10% solution of Caustic Soda and at a temperature of 40°C.
    [0070] Figure number 21.- Shows a graphic representation of the hardness study for the group of specimens subjected to a 10% solution of Caustic Soda and at a temperature of 60°C.
    [0072] Figure number 22.- Shows a graphical representation of the hardness study for the group of specimens subjected to a 30% solution of Caustic Soda and at a temperature of Figure number 23.- Shows a graphic representation of the hardness study for the group of specimens subjected to a 30% solution of Caustic Soda and at a temperature of 40°C.
    [0073] Figure number 24.- Shows a graphical representation of the hardness study for the group of specimens subjected to a 30% solution of Caustic Soda and at a temperature of 60°C.
    [0074] Figure number 25.- Shows a graphic representation of the hardness study for the group of specimens subjected to a 50% solution of Caustic Soda and at a temperature of 20°C.
    [0075] Figure number 26.- Shows a graphical representation of the hardness study for the group of specimens subjected to a 50% solution of Caustic Soda and at a temperature of 40°C.
    [0076] Figure number 27.- Shows a graphical representation of the hardness study for the group of specimens subjected to a 50% solution of Caustic Soda and at a temperature of 60°C.
    [0077] Figure number 28.- Shows a graphical representation of the hardness study for the control group of specimens.
    [0078] Figure number 29.- Shows a graphic representation of the average color of the original wood (left) and the average color of the treated wood (right), which, based on the CIELab space, correspond to the values L*=89, 06; a*=-9.70; b*=17.80 in untreated wood and L*=85.03; a*=-8.90; b*=25.90 in the treated wood.
    [0079] Preferred embodiment of the invention
    [0080] In view of the aforementioned figures and according to the adopted numbering, an example of wood aging can be seen in them, which includes the parts and elements that are indicated and described in detail below following the list of references:
    [0081] 1.NaOH
    [0082] 2. Water
    [0083] 3. Solid coniferous wood
    [0084] The process of the method of the invention is based on the preparation of the aqueous solution of NaOH, in which 10% must be NaOH and the remaining 90% water.
    [0085] The next step is to immerse the wood to be treated in the soda solution at room temperature for a minimum of two hours.
    [0086] At the end of this process, the result should be similar to that obtained in figure 18, in which the wood surface has a darker tone than in the situation prior to treatment.
    权利要求:
    Claims (1)
    [1]
    1. CONIFEROUS WOOD AGING PROCESS which is characterized by immersing pieces of wood in a solution of caustic soda (NaOH) at a concentration of 10% and at room temperature for a minimum of 2 hours, in order to obtain wood with an aged appearance with the same physical, mechanical and perceptible properties as the untreated pieces.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    ES2894574R1|2022-02-24|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    DK237480A|1980-06-03|1980-08-22|S E Bagger|PROCEDURE FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF WOOD NAMELY FURNITURE COATS|
    DE3347151A1|1983-12-27|1985-07-04|Nasgowitz, Siegfried, 4512 Wallenhorst|Mordanting treatment and alkali treatment for wood|
    US4737154A|1985-12-06|1988-04-12|Sdsm&T Foundation Research Center, Inc.|Chemical process for the coloration of wood in a basic aqueous medium|
    NL1024271C2|2003-09-11|2005-03-21|Albert Eltjo Doewe Capelleveen|Leached floorboards.|
    NL1035219C2|2008-03-28|2010-08-25|Oosterhuis Beheer B V As|TREATMENT METHOD FOR WOOD PRODUCTS AND WOOD PRODUCTS ALREADY TREATED.|
    法律状态:
    2022-02-14| BA2A| Patent application published|Ref document number: 2894574 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: A2 Effective date: 20220214 |
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    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ES202000119A|ES2894574R1|2020-07-28|2020-07-28|Aging process of coniferous wood with caustic soda NA|ES202000119A| ES2894574R1|2020-07-28|2020-07-28|Aging process of coniferous wood with caustic soda NA|
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